What is Twopence

• Twopence is a test executor
• it can run tests in a KVM virtual machine without using the network
• it can also run more traditional SSH tests in a remote machine
• it can send the tests through a serial cable too

How does Twopence work

• Twopence is basically a set of libraries
• shell, ruby, and python wrappers are provided for convenience
• each library is seen as a plugin,
• currenly available plugins are virtio (KVM), ssh, serial, and tcp

How would I use it

Have a look at the examples:

• from shell
• from Ruby
• from Python

A note on security

• the test server runs on the system under test as root, performs no authentication, and will execute whatever command it is asked to
• the SSH tests assume that you have published a public key with a private key without passphrase
• in short, Twopence is very unsafe and should be reserved to pure test environments (test labs, no production servers)

How do I compile it

• run the following commands as root (openSUSE/SLE):

# zypper install libssh-devel ruby-devel rubygem-rake-compiler python-devel

• on Ubuntu:

# apt-get install libssh-dev ruby-dev rake-compiler python-dev

• on Fedora

# dnf install libssh-devel ruby-devel rubygem-rake-compiler python-devel redhat-rpm-config

• then run the following command, as a normal user:

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr --etcdir=/etc
$ make

• and again as root user:

$ make install
$ ldconfig

How do I run the examples with SSH

• on the system under test, make sure the sshd damon is started:

$ service sshd start

and that it is not being blocked by the firewall

• on the testing system, create a pair of SSH keys:

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa

without setting a passphrase

• copy the public key t* the system under test:

$ scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]:.

• then, on the system under test, append the public key t* the authorized keys file:

cat id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized keys

• repeat for each account that will be used to run the tests
• in the directory /usr/local/lib/twopence/ adapt the first lines of test.rb and test.sh to the IP address or hostname of your system under test
• run the following commands:

$ cd examples
$ /usr/local/lib/twopence/test.sh
$ ruby /usr/local/lib/twopence/test.rb

How do I run the examples with virtio

• setup a KVM virtual machine
• declare a UNIX domain socket
• to do that, you can use virt-manager: Hardware => Channel => Path = the directory and name of your socket file Target type = virtio Target name = org.opensuse.twopence.0
• or you can use the provided script:

$ /usr/local/lib/twopence/add_virtio_channel.sh mydomain

• start the VM
• copy the test server into the VM:

$ scp /usr/local/lib/twopence/twopence_test_server [email protected]:.

instead of scp, you may use shared folders or whichever method you prefer

• inside of the VM, run the server as root:

$ ./twopence_test_server

• in the directory /usr/local/lib/twopence/ adapt the first lines of test.rb and test.sh to the name of the socket file you just created; for example:

export TARGET=virtio:/var/run/twopence/test.sock

• run the following commands:

$ cd examples
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../library
$ ruby /usr/local/lib/twopence/test.rb

• if you get error opening the communication, check the permissions of the socket file:

$ ls -l /var/run/twopence/test.sock

How do I run the examples with a serial cable

• connect a null-modem cable to the system under test
• connect the other end to the testing machine
• determine the port name on both ends (you can use "minicom" to do that)
• copy the test server into the system under test:

$ scp /usr/local/lib/twopence/twopence_test_server [email protected]:.

instead of scp, you may use shared folders or whichever method you prefer

• inside of the sut, run the server as root:

$ ./twopence_test_server

• in the directory /usr/local/lib/twopence/ adapt the first lines of test.rb and test.sh to the name of the character device; for example:

export TARGET=serial:/dev/ttyS0

• run the following commands:

$ cd examples
$ /usr/local/lib/twopence/test.sh
$ ruby /usr/local/lib/twopence/test.rb

• if you get error opening the communication, check the permissions of the character device file:

$ ls -l /dev/ttyS0